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科學家利用激光雷達技術探測到海洋更深處  為了尋找更好的替代方案，由Barney Balch博士領導的畢格羅團隊轉向了艦載激光雷達(LiDAR)裝置。這種技術在機器人和自動駕駛汽車上更為常見，激光雷達設備通過發(fā)射激光束來工作，然后測量光線從任何物體反射回來所需要的確切時間。這種方法不僅可以檢測到障礙物的存在，還可以檢測到它們跟用戶的距離以及它們的輪廓。 Balch的團隊跟弗吉尼亞奧多明尼昂大學的同事一起將這項技術用于2018年在緬因灣的一次巡航研究。通過這種方式他們成功地收集到了關于顆石藻爆發(fā)的信息。 這些生物用碳酸鈣板保護自己，其以一種獨特的方式散射反射光。因此，科學家們能通過分析反射的激光確定海藻的存在以及數量。 事實上，該地區(qū)正經歷著過去30年來最大的顆石藻爆發(fā)。通過使用激光雷達，其可以比使用衛(wèi)星照片看到的深度多三倍。 該技術已經在其他地區(qū)成功測試，如馬尾藻海和紐約市海岸。研究人員希望，激光雷達最終能讓科學家們快速、以更低成本、容易地收集到海洋數據，而不需要停下船去收集深海樣本。 Balch說道：“對一種工具的利用讓我們可以更深入地觀察海洋，就像擁有了一雙新的眼睛�！� 關鍵詞： 激光雷達
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最新評論
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dushunli 2020-08-02 00:40激光雷達技術！
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bairuizheng 2020-08-02 01:36有想法應用技術
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tassy 2020-08-02 04:34這種方法可以檢測到障礙物的存在
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tomryo 2020-08-02 06:50科學家利用激光雷達技術探測到海洋更深處
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likaihit 2020-08-02 07:50好牛逼啊
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redplum 2020-08-02 07:51看樣子很不同啊
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蠊蠊 2020-08-02 08:07研究人員希望，激光雷達最終能讓科學家們快速、以更低成本、容易地收集到海洋數據，而不需要停下船去收集深海樣本。
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copland 2020-08-02 08:22利用激光雷達技術探測到海洋更深處
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mang2004 2020-08-02 08:55Researchers have advanced a new way to see into the ocean's depths, establishing an approach to detect algae and measure key properties using light. A paper published in Applied Optics reports using a laser-based tool, lidar, to collect these measurements far deeper than has been typically possible using satellites.
"Traditional satellite remote sensing approaches can collect a wide range of information about the upper ocean, but satellites typically can't 'see' deeper than the top five or 10 meters of the sea," said Barney Balch, a senior research scientist at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences and an author of the paper. "Harnessing a tool that lets us look so much deeper into the ocean is like having a new set of eyes."
Lidar uses light emitted by lasers to gain information about particles in seawater, much as animals like bats and dolphins use sound to echolocate targets. By sending out pulses of light and timing how long it takes the beams to hit something and bounce back, lidar senses reflective particles like algae in the water.
Lead study author Brian Collister used a shipboard lidar system to detect algae and learn about conditions deeper in the ocean than satellites can measure. The research team on this 2018 cruise was composed of scientists from Old Dominion University and Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences.
"The lidar approach has the potential to fill some important gaps in our ability to measure ocean biology from space," said Collister, a PhD student at Old Dominion University. "This technique will shed new light on the distribution of biology in the upper oceans, and allow us to better understand their role in Earth's climate."
In the Gulf of Maine, the team used lidar to detect and measure particles of the mineral calcium carbonate, gathering information about a bloom of coccolithophores. These algae surround themselves with calcium carbonate plates, which are white in color and highly reflective. The plates scatter light in a unique way, fundamentally changing how the light waves are oriented - and creating an identifiable signature that the lidar system can recognize.
Balch's research team has studied the Gulf of Maine for over two decades through the Gulf of Maine North Atlantic Time Series. Their experience in finding and identifying algae in this ecosystem provided key background information for testing the lidar system in what turned out to be the largest coccolithophore bloom observed in the region in 30 years.
"This cruise allowed us an ideal opportunity to try the lidar system out with the ability to sample the water and know exactly what species were in it," Balch said. "Lidar has been used in the ocean for decades, but few, if any, studies have been done inside a confirmed coccolithophore bloom, which profoundly changes how light behaves in the environment."
Coccolithophores thrive around the global ocean and exert a huge level of control on the biogeochemical cycles that shape the planet. Studying them is key to understanding global ocean dynamics, but field research is always costly. The team established that using lidar could potentially allow researchers to remotely estimate coccolithophore populations without stopping the ship to collect water samples - increasing their ability to collect valuable data, thus also conserving precious ship-time funds.
The research team also tested this approach in ocean environments that included the clear depths of the Sargasso Sea and the turbid waters off the coast of New York City. They found it to be effective across these diverse environments. Lidar systems can probe the ocean up to three times deeper than passive satellite remote sensing techniques that rely on the sun. Further research may establish approaches that allow lidar measurements to be taken by satellites, as well.